ضمائر الوصل في اللغة الانجليزية

RELATIVE PRONOUNS ضمائر الوصـــل

WHO – WHOM – WHICH – THAT – WHOSE – AS – BUT

WHO يعود على فاعل عاقل أو جمع أو مؤنث و يعقبه مباشرة

• I SAW A FAT MAN . HE COULD NOT WALK
• I SAW A FAT MAN WHO COULD NOT WALK
• THE PUPIL SUCCEEDS EVERY YEAR . HE IS CLEVER
• THE PUPIL WHO IS CLEVER SUCCEEDS EVERY YEAR

WHOMتعود على المفعول به أو المجرور العاقل مفرد و جمع مذكر و مؤنث

• THAT IS THE BOY . I MET HIM ON FRIDAY
• THAT IS THE BOY WHOM I MET ON FRIDAY
• I KNOW THAT GIRL . YOU SPOKE TO HER
• I KNOW THAT GIRL WHOM YOU SPOKE TO

WHICH

تعود على الفاعل أو المفعول به غير العاقل المفرد أو الجمع

• THIS IS THE TRAIN . IT MADE THE ACCIDENT

ممكن حذف WHICH و أستبدالها بـــ THAT

• THIS IS THE TRAIN WHICH MADE THE ACCIDENT
• THIS IS THE TRAIN THAT MADE THE ACCIDENT

WHOSE

للملكية عاقل أو غير عاقل و تحل محل ضمير الملكية أو S الملكية

• I KNOW THE MAN . HIS WEALTH ثروته IS GREAT
• I KNOW A MAN WHOSE WEALTH IS GREAT
• I SAW A MAN . THE MAN’S CAR MADE AN ACCIDENT
• I SAW A MAN WHOSE CAR MADE AN ACCIDENT

AS

تستعمل AS كأسم موصول عندما يسبقها كلمة SAME أو AS أو SUCH

• MEET ME AT THE SAME PLACE AS YOU DID YESTERDAY
• THIS IS THE SAME THING AS YOU ASKED FOR
• THIS IS NOT SUCH A GOOD RESULT AS I HOPED
• I NEVER SAY SUCH THINGS AS YOU DO
• AS MANY PEOPLE AS WORKED WERE GIVEN FOOD

BUT

تستعمل BUT كأسم موصول و لكن للنفى بمعنى (( و لكن ))

• THERE IS NO ONE BUT REGRETS HIS DEATH
• لا أحد إلا و حزن على وفاته
• THERE IS NO ONE WHO DOES NOT REGRET HIS DEATH
• THERE IS NO PLANT BUT REQUIRES WATER
• THERE IS NO PLANT WHICH DOES NOT REQUIRE WATER

THAT

يمكن أن تحل محل WHO أو WHICH و لا تحل محل WHOSE

يجب أستخدام THAT بعد ANY أو THE ONLY أو IT أو ALL أو بعد صفة التفضيل القصوى

• ANY MAN IS A FOOL . HE LISTENS TO YOU
• ANY MAN THAT LISTENS TO YOU IA A FOOL
• SHE IS THE FINEST WOMAN . SHE EVER LIVED
• SHE IS THE FINEST WOMAN THAT EVER LIVED
• HE IS THE ONLY PUPIL . HE HAS GOT THE PRIZE
• HE IS THE ONLY PUPIL THAT HAS GOT THE PRIZE