{"id":3298,"date":"2026-10-21T05:09:47","date_gmt":"2026-10-21T02:09:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/lessons\/this-%d9%88that-%d9%88these-%d9%88those-%d8%a3%d8%b4%d8%b1-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%8a%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%ad\/"},"modified":"2026-10-21T05:24:42","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T02:24:42","slug":"this-%d9%88that-%d9%88these-%d9%88those-%d8%a3%d8%b4%d8%b1-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%8a%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/lessons\/this-%d9%88that-%d9%88these-%d9%88those-%d8%a3%d8%b4%d8%b1-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%8a%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%ad\/","title":{"rendered":"This \u0648That \u0648These \u0648Those: \u0623\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0637"},"content":{"rendered":"<div lang=\"ar\" dir=\"rtl\">\n<p>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0643: <span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">This is a book.<\/span> \u2014 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0643: <span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">These are books.<\/span> \u2014 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0628. \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. <strong>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637. \u0633\u0646\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u063a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/h2>\n<table>\n<caption>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">This<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<td lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">This is<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">That<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/td>\n<td lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">That is<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">These<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629<\/td>\n<td lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">These are<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Those<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f<\/td>\n<td lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Those are<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 <span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">This<\/span> \u0648<span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">These<\/span> \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 <span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">That<\/span> \u0648<span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Those<\/span> \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u064e\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u00ab\u0647\u0630\u0647\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0646\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n\t\t<div class=\"vocab-box vocab-direction-rtl\" dir=\"rtl\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vocab-box__header\">\n\t\t\t<h3><span class=\"lingo-icon lingo-icon--translation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> <span class=\"vocab-box__title\">\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u063a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-count\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/span> <bdi>4<\/bdi><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vocab-box-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-toggle-translation\" aria-pressed=\"false\">\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vocab-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"This\" data-trans=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \/ \u0647\u0630\u0647\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">This<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \/ \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"This\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"These\" data-trans=\"\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \/ \u0647\u0630\u0647\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">These<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \/ \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"These\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"That\" data-trans=\"\u0630\u0644\u0643 \/ \u062a\u0644\u0643\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">That<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0630\u0644\u0643 \/ \u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"That\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"Those\" data-trans=\"\u062a\u0644\u0643\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">Those<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"Those\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n<h2>\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">This is a book.<\/span> \u2014 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u061b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">That is a book.<\/span> \u2014 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u061b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">These are books.<\/span> \u2014 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u061b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Those are books.<\/span> \u2014 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u061b \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 <span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">books<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/p>\n<p id=\"ref-en-grammar-080\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 <span dir=\"ltr\">book<\/span> \u0648<span dir=\"ltr\">car<\/span>\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u00ab<a href=\"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/lessons\/%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%89-%d8%aa%d8%b6%d9%8a%d9%81-s-%d8%a3%d9%88es-%d8%a3\/\">\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 <span dir=\"ltr\">S<\/span> \u0623\u0648<span dir=\"ltr\">ES<\/span> \u0623\u0648<span dir=\"ltr\">IES<\/span>\u061f<\/a>\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061b \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n\t\t<div class=\"vocab-box vocab-direction-rtl\" dir=\"rtl\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vocab-box__header\">\n\t\t\t<h3><span class=\"lingo-icon lingo-icon--translation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> <span class=\"vocab-box__title\">\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-count\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/span> <bdi>6<\/bdi><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vocab-box-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-toggle-translation\" aria-pressed=\"false\">\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vocab-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"book\" data-trans=\"\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">book<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"book\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"books\" data-trans=\"\u0643\u062a\u0628\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">books<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0643\u062a\u0628<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"books\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"This is a book.\" data-trans=\"\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">This is a book.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"This is a book.\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"These are books.\" data-trans=\"\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0628.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">These are books.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0628.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"These are books.\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"That is a book.\" data-trans=\"\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">That is a book.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"That is a book.\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"Those are books.\" data-trans=\"\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0628.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">Those are books.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062a\u0628.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"Those are books.\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n<h2>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 <span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">is<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 <span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">are<\/span>. \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n<p id=\"ref-en-grammar-002\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u00ab<a href=\"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/lessons\/am-is-are\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 <span dir=\"ltr\">am<\/span> \u0648<span dir=\"ltr\">is<\/span> \u0648<span dir=\"ltr\">are<\/span>: \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/a>\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: <strong>\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 + \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 + \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/strong>. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628: \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f. \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 <span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">This is a book.<\/span>\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 <span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">That is a book.<\/span>. \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u061b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">This is a car.<\/span> \u2014 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">That is a car.<\/span> \u2014 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">These are cars.<\/span> \u2014 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><span lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Those are cars.<\/span> \u2014 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\">\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n\t\t<div class=\"vocab-box vocab-direction-rtl\" dir=\"rtl\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vocab-box__header\">\n\t\t\t<h3><span class=\"lingo-icon lingo-icon--translation\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span> <span class=\"vocab-box__title\">\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-count\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/span> <bdi>6<\/bdi><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"vocab-box-toolbar\">\n\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-toggle-translation\" aria-pressed=\"false\">\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<ul class=\"vocab-list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"car\" data-trans=\"\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">car<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"car\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"cars\" data-trans=\"\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">cars<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"cars\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"This is a car.\" data-trans=\"\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">This is a car.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"This is a car.\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"That is a car.\" data-trans=\"\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">That is a car.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"That is a car.\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"These are cars.\" data-trans=\"\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">These are cars.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"These are cars.\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"vocab-item\" data-word=\"Those are cars.\" data-trans=\"\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-word foreign-text\" dir=\"auto\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tlang=\"en\">Those are cars.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-trans\" dir=\"auto\">\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"vocab-speak-btn\" data-text=\"Those are cars.\" data-lang=\"en\" data-audio-url=\"\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"vocab-speak-btn__icon lingo-icon lingo-icon--listening\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 <a href=\"https:\/\/learnenglish.britishcouncil.org\/free-resources\/grammar\/english-grammar-reference\/demonstratives\">\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629\u061f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 This \u0648That \u0648These \u0648Those \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 is \u0648are \u0628\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_lingo_lang_code":"en","_lingo_lesson_game_positions":"","_lingo_lesson_enabled_games":"","_lingo_lesson_game_type":"","_lingo_lesson_has_linked_quiz":"","_lingo_vocabulary_boxes":"[{\"title\":\"\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u063a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629\",\"vocabulary\":\"This | \u0647\u0630\u0627 \/ \u0647\u0630\u0647\\nThese | \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \/ \u0647\u0630\u0647\\nThat | \u0630\u0644\u0643 \/ \u062a\u0644\u0643\\nThose | \u062a\u0644\u0643\",\"id\":\"vb_166b401e27f359708becc8e9d366f4ea\"},{\"title\":\"\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a: \u062b\u0628\u062a 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