{"id":3179,"date":"2025-11-22T19:55:16","date_gmt":"2025-11-22T16:55:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/?p=3179"},"modified":"2025-11-26T18:58:51","modified_gmt":"2025-11-26T15:58:51","slug":"%d8%b6%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b5%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a9-relative-pronouns","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/%d8%b6%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b5%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a9-relative-pronouns\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 &#8211; Relative Pronouns"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (Relative Pronouns) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0650\u0633.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/strong> \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629: <strong>The man who lives next door is an engineer.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644: <strong>who, whom, whose, which, that, where, when, why<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0640:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0628\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 (\u0634\u062e\u0635 &#8211; \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 &#8211; \u0634\u064a\u0621\u2026).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c (forms):\n<ul>\n<li><em>The person\u00a0<strong>who<\/strong>\u00a0referred you\u2026<\/em>\u00a0(\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0643\u2026)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629:\n<ul>\n<li><em>The neighbor\u00a0<strong>who<\/strong>\u00a0helped me\u2026<\/em>\u00a0(\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u2026)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629:\n<ul>\n<li><em>The job\u00a0<strong>that<\/strong>\u00a0I applied for\u2026<\/em>\u00a0(\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u2026)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649 <strong>\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0650\u0644\u0629\/\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong> (Relative Clause).<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The man\u00a0<strong>who lives next door<\/strong>\u00a0is very friendly.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648\u062f\u0648\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0650\u06a4\u0632 \u0646\u0650\u0643\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u06a4\u0650\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0652\u0631\u0650\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0650\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>who lives next door<\/strong>\u00a0= \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 (relative clause)<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0641 &#8220;the man&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0633\u0645<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0634\u062e\u0635 \/ \u0634\u064a\u0621 \/ \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u2026).<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u00a0<strong>\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644<\/strong>\u00a0+\u00a0<strong>\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The woman\u00a0<strong>who called you<\/strong>\u00a0is my boss.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0643<\/strong>\u00a0\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0648\u0648\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0648 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>This is the book\u00a0<strong>that I bought yesterday<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0633<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u0650\u0633 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0630\u064e \u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0622\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062a \u064a\u0650\u0633\u062a\u0650\u0631\u062f\u064e\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 (\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>who<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a (\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635<\/td>\n<td>The man\u00a0<strong>who<\/strong>\u00a0helped me<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0647\u0650\u0644\u0628\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>whom<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a (\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635<\/td>\n<td>The man\u00a0<strong>whom<\/strong>\u00a0I met<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u064a \u0645\u0650\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>whose<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u2026 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0647 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td>The man\u00a0<strong>whose<\/strong>\u00a0car is red<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0631\u0650\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>which<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a (\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644)<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>The car\u00a0<strong>which<\/strong>\u00a0is parked there<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0650\u062a\u0634 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0630\u064a\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>that<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a (\u0639\u0627\u0645)<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \/ \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>The phone\u00a0<strong>that<\/strong>\u00a0I lost<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0622\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0633\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>where<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u064a\u062b \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646<\/td>\n<td>The city\u00a0<strong>where<\/strong>\u00a0I live<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0650\u0631 \u0622\u064a \u0644\u0650\u06a4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>when<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u064a\u0646 \/ \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>The day\u00a0<strong>when<\/strong>\u00a0we met<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u062f\u064e\u064a\u0652 \u0648\u0650\u0646 \u0648\u0650\u064a \u0645\u0650\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>why<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/td>\n<td>The reason\u00a0<strong>why<\/strong>\u00a0I left<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0631\u064a\u0632\u064e\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u064a \u0622\u064a \u0644\u0650\u0641\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3>4.1 who &#8211; \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 (\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>who<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 <strong>\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The doctor\u00a0<strong>who treated me<\/strong>\u00a0was very kind.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u064a<\/strong>\u00a0\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u062f\u064e\u0643\u062a\u064e\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0652\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0650\u062f \u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0632 \u06a4\u0650\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0652\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>I know a woman\u00a0<strong>who speaks Arabic<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u00a0<strong>\u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0622\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0648 \u0623 \u0648\u0648\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0652\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0633 \u0622\u0631\u064e\u0628\u0650\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0630\u0641 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a&#8221; \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 (\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 <em>that<\/em>).<\/p>\n<h3>whom &#8211; \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0643\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 (\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \/ \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>whom<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 <strong>who<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 <strong>\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647<\/strong>. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <strong>who<\/strong> \u0628\u062f\u0644 <strong>whom<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The man\u00a0<strong>whom I met yesterday<\/strong>\u00a0is my neighbor.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0633<\/strong>\u00a0\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u064a \u0645\u0650\u062a \u064a\u0650\u0633\u062a\u0650\u0631\u062f\u064e\u064a \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0628\u064e\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>The person\u00a0<strong>to whom you spoke<\/strong>\u00a0is the manager.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a\u064e \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/strong>\u00a0\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u067e\u0650\u0631\u0633\u064e\u0646 \u062a\u064f \u0647\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0648 \u0633\u0652\u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0630\u064e \u0645\u0627\u0646\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The man who I met yesterday\u2026<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>whose &#8211; \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>whose<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0647&#8221; \/ &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627&#8221;.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The man\u00a0<strong>whose car was stolen<\/strong>\u00a0called the police.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u064f\u0631\u0650\u0642\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647<\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0652\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064e\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0630\u064e \u067e\u064f\u0644\u064a\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>I have a friend\u00a0<strong>whose brother lives in New York<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u00a0<strong>\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0622\u064a \u0647\u064e\u06a4 \u0623 \u0641\u0631\u0650\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0648\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0631 \u0644\u0650\u06a4\u0632 \u0625\u0650\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0648 \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0631\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <strong>whose<\/strong> \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>a company whose products are popular<\/strong>\u00a0\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u00a0<strong>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong>\u00a0\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>which &#8211; \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n<p><strong>which<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644).<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The car\u00a0<strong>which is parked outside<\/strong>\u00a0is mine.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u064a.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0650\u062a\u0634 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062a\u0633\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>The movie\u00a0<strong>which we watched last night<\/strong>\u00a0was interesting.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0645\u0648\u06a4\u064a \u0648\u0650\u062a\u0634 \u0648\u0650\u064a \u0648\u0648\u062a\u0634\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0650\u0633\u062a\u0650\u0646\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064e\u0644 <strong>which<\/strong> \u0628\u0640 <strong>that<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629 (defining).<\/p>\n<h3>that &#8211; \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639)<\/h3>\n<p><strong>that<\/strong> \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644 &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0650\u0646&#8221; \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629<\/strong> (\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649) \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The man\u00a0<strong>that fixed my car<\/strong>\u00a0is very good.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a<\/strong>\u00a0\u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0650\u0643\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u06a4\u0650\u0631\u064a \u0642\u064f\u062f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>This is the house\u00a0<strong>that we want to buy<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0647<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u0650\u0633 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0630\u064e \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0650\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0646\u0652\u062a \u062a\u064f \u0628\u0627\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627: <strong>that \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629 (Non-defining)<\/strong>\u061b \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 <strong>who \/ which<\/strong> \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p>\n<h3>where &#8211; \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646<\/h3>\n<p><strong>where<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646: &#8220;\u062d\u064a\u062b \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627&#8221;.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>This is the city\u00a0<strong>where I was born<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u064f\u0644\u0650\u062f\u062a\u064f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u0650\u0633 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0630\u064e \u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0650\u0631 \u0622\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u064f\u0648\u0631\u0646<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>The restaurant\u00a0<strong>where we ate<\/strong>\u00a0was cheap.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647<\/strong>\u00a0\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0631\u0650\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0650\u0631 \u0648\u0650\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0628<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>the place where\u2026<\/strong>\u00a0\u0623\u0648<\/li>\n<li><strong>the place that\u2026 I was born in<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>when &#8211; \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p><strong>when<\/strong> \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646: &#8220;\u062d\u064a\u0646 \/ \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 (\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a)&#8221;.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>I remember the day\u00a0<strong>when we first met<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0622\u064a \u0631\u0650\u0645\u0650\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0630\u064e \u062f\u064e\u064a\u0652 \u0648\u0650\u0646 \u0648\u0650\u064a \u0641\u0650\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0650\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>That was the year\u00a0<strong>when I came to the US<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0626\u062a\u064f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0632 \u0630\u064e \u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0650\u0646 \u0622\u064a \u0643\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0645 \u062a\u064f \u0630\u064e \u064a\u0648 \u0625\u0650\u0633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0630\u0641 <strong>when<\/strong> \u0648\u0646\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0640 <strong>the day we met<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>why &#8211; \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/h3>\n<p><strong>why<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 &#8220;reason&#8221;.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The reason\u00a0<strong>why I am late<\/strong>\u00a0is the traffic.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/strong>\u00a0\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0631\u064a\u0632\u064e\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u064a \u0622\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0645 \u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062a \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0630\u064e \u062a\u0652\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0650\u0643<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>I don\u2019t know the reason\u00a0<strong>why he left<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td>\u0622\u064a \u062f\u064f\u0648\u0646\u062a \u0646\u064f\u0648 \u0630\u064e \u0631\u064a\u0632\u064e\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0650\u064a \u0644\u0650\u0641\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>the reason I am late<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 why).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>Defining vs Non-defining Relative Clauses<\/p>\n<h3>5.1 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629 (Defining)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a <strong>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647\u0627<\/strong> \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u00a0<strong>that<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0639 who\/which.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The students\u00a0<strong>who study hard<\/strong>\u00a0get good grades.<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u062f<\/strong>\u00a0\u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0633\u0652\u062a\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064e\u0646\u062a\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0652\u062a\u064e\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06af\u0650\u062a \u0642\u064f\u062f \u06af\u0631\u064e\u064a\u0652\u062f\u0652\u0632<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0644\u0648 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 (\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629).<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629 (Non-defining)<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u00a0<strong>\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u00a0<strong>that<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637\u00a0<strong>who \/ which \/ whose \/ where\u2026<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>My father,\u00a0<strong>who is retired<\/strong>, lives in California.<\/td>\n<td>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u060c\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong>\u060c \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0630\u064e\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0631\u0650\u062a\u0627\u064a\u064e\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0650\u06a4\u0632 \u0625\u0650\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>This car,\u00a0<strong>which I bought last year<\/strong>, is very reliable.<\/td>\n<td>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u0650\u0633 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0650\u062a\u0634 \u0622\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a \u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u06a4\u0650\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0650\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0644<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0643\u0640\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 (Subject) \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 (Object)<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 (\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The woman\u00a0<strong>who lives upstairs<\/strong>\u00a0is from Mexico.<\/td>\n<td>who = \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 (\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634)<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0648\u0648\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0650\u06a4\u0632 \u0623\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0633\u062a\u064e\u064a\u0631\u0632 \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u064f\u0645 \u0645\u0650\u0643\u0633\u0650\u0643\u0648<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 <strong>who<\/strong> \u0647\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 (\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>The book\u00a0<strong>that I bought<\/strong>\u00a0is interesting.<\/td>\n<td>that = \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0622\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062a \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0650\u0633\u062a\u0650\u0646\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>The book\u00a0<strong>I bought<\/strong>\u00a0is interesting.<\/td>\n<td>\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 (\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 that)<\/td>\n<td>\u0630\u064e \u0628\u0648\u0643 \u0622\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062a \u0625\u0650\u0632 \u0625\u0650\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0650\u0633\u062a\u0650\u0646\u0642<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631<\/th>\n<th>\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u061f<\/th>\n<th>\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>who<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 (\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644)<\/td>\n<td>the man who\u2026, the woman who\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>whom<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 (\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u2013 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a)<\/td>\n<td>the person to whom\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>whose<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\/\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/td>\n<td>the man whose car\u2026, a company whose products\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>which<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\/\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td>the car which\u2026, the movie which\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>that<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627)<\/td>\n<td>the job that\u2026, the house that\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>where<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646<\/td>\n<td>the city where\u2026, the place where\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>when<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td>the day when\u2026, the year when\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>why<\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 (\u0645\u0639 reason)<\/td>\n<td>the reason why\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 which \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/h3>\n<p>\u274c <em>The man <strong>which<\/strong> lives next door is kind.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u2705 <em>The man <strong>who<\/strong> lives next door is kind.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>which<\/strong>\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648<strong>who<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 that \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u274c <em>My brother, <strong>that<\/strong> lives in Texas, is a teacher.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u2705 <em>My brother, <strong>who<\/strong> lives in Texas, is a teacher.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629) \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u00a0<strong>that<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 : \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 whose \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 of \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0644 <strong>whose<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p>\u274c <em>The man <strong>the car of him<\/strong> is red.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u2705 <em>The man <strong>whose car<\/strong> is red.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u00a0<strong>whose<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 : \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 where \u0648when \u0648that<\/h3>\n<p>\u274c <em>The time where I arrived was late.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u2705 <em>The time <strong>when<\/strong> I arrived was late.<\/em> \u0623\u0648 <em>The time <strong>that<\/strong> I arrived was late.<\/em> (\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u00a0<strong>when<\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0639 &#8220;time \/ day \/ year&#8221; \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623: \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u274c <em>New York which is a big city is very crowded.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u2705 <em>New York, which is a big city, is very crowded.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0647\u0646\u0627 &#8220;which is a big city&#8221; \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0623) \u0635\u0650\u0644\u0652 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 (who \/ which \/ that \/ where \/ when \/ whose)<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>I met a man. He speaks five languages.<\/li>\n<li>This is the house. We want to buy it.<\/li>\n<li>I will never forget the day. We arrived in the US on that day.<\/li>\n<li>The woman is my teacher. Her son is my friend.<\/li>\n<li>This is the restaurant. We had dinner there yesterday.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633:<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 (Relative Pronouns) \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u0647:\u00a0<strong>who, whom, whose, which, that, where, when, why<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>who<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 (\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644)\u060c\u00a0<strong>whom<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 (\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 &#8211; \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a).<\/li>\n<li><strong>whose<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621).<\/li>\n<li><strong>which<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648<strong>that<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>where<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646\u060c\u00a0<strong>when<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c\u00a0<strong>why<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 (\u0645\u0639 reason).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 that.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 that.\u00a0\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 that \u0628\u062f\u0644 who\/which\u061f<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0(\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629) \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>that<\/strong>\u00a0\u0628\u062f\u0644\u00a0<strong>who<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/li>\n<li><strong>that<\/strong>\u00a0\u0628\u062f\u0644\u00a0<strong>which<\/strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u00a0<strong>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629)\u060c\u00a0<strong>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 that<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 who\/which \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 whom \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 <strong>who<\/strong> \u0628\u062f\u0644 <strong>whom<\/strong>. <em>whom<\/em> \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a).<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644: the place that I live in \u0628\u062f\u0644 where\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>the place where I live<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>the place that I live in<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. <strong>where<\/strong> \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626.<\/p>\n<h3>4. \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u00a0<strong>\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627).<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629\u00a0<strong>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The book (that) I read was good.<\/strong> &#8211; \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 that\u00a0\u0644\u0643\u0646:<\/li>\n<li><strong>The man who helped me\u2026<\/strong> &#8211; \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 who \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 whose \u0648 of\u061f<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>whose<\/strong>: \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629:\n<ul>\n<li><em>the man whose car\u2026<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>of<\/strong>: \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627:\n<ul>\n<li><em>the car of the man<\/em> &#8211; \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>I met a man\u00a0<strong>who<\/strong>\u00a0speaks five languages.<\/li>\n<li>This is the house\u00a0<strong>that<\/strong>\u00a0we want to buy.<\/li>\n<li>I will never forget the day\u00a0<strong>when<\/strong>\u00a0we arrived in the US.<\/li>\n<li>The woman\u00a0<strong>whose<\/strong>\u00a0son is my friend is my teacher.<\/li>\n<li>This is the restaurant\u00a0<strong>where<\/strong>\u00a0we had dinner yesterday.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (Relative Pronouns) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0650\u0633.&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633.&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629: The man who lives next door is an engineer. \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":3180,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-6"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.6 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 - Relative Pronouns<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (Relative Pronouns): who, which, that, whose, where, when, why \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629-relative-pronouns\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 - Relative Pronouns\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (Relative Pronouns): who, which, that, whose, where, when, why \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629-relative-pronouns\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-22T16:55:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-26T15:58:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/11\/4545-9876.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"780\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"470\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Waleed Rami\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Waleed Rami\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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