{"id":289,"date":"2018-03-03T18:19:12","date_gmt":"2018-03-03T15:19:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/?p=289"},"modified":"2025-06-12T18:28:22","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T15:28:22","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%b1-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%b1-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%b1-%d9%81%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/div>\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 Direct and Indirect Speech\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644: “Don’t come late, please.”<\/strong><\/div>\n

\u00a0\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u062e\u0635 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 : ( Direct speech )<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • He said , ” I’m going home<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u00a0\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 : ( Indirect speech )<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n
    • He says he’s going home<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • He said he was going home<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 .<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0635 . ” ………… “<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 say<\/span> \u0648 tell<\/span> \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 . ( \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 )<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 say<\/span> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631 .<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 tell<\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 .<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Peter says that there’s game this evening<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Jane told me that it begins at eight o’clock<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n

        \u00a0\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u00a0\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 ( tell – say<\/span> ) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 . \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 .<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u00a0Direct : She says , ” I haven’t done my homework<\/strong><\/li>\n
        • Indirect : She says that she hasn’t done her homework<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u00a0\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u00a0\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 that<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 says<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u00a0\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0635 ” ……… “<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u00a0\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a She<\/span> .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 my<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a her<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u00a0\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 haven’t<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a hasn’t<\/span> \u0644\u0623\u0646 She<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f .<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 I \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u00a0Direct : ” I can’t stand classical music .” Mary tells me<\/strong><\/li>\n
          • Indirect : Mary tells me that she can’t stand classical music<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u00a0\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a she<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
              \n
            • Direct : ” We’ll be home next Tuesday . ” he says<\/strong><\/li>\n
            • Indirect : He says that they will be home the following Tuesday<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u00a0\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 We<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a they<\/span> .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 next<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a the following<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u00a0Direct : ” I’m not feeling very well .” Simon says<\/strong><\/li>\n
              • Indirect : Simon says that he’s not feeling very well<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u00a0\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a he<\/span> \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 he<\/span> \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a Simon<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 am<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a is<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u00a0Direct : ” I don’t know how much it costs.” She says<\/strong><\/li>\n
                • Indirect : She says that she doesn’t know how much it costs<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \u00a0\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a she<\/span> .. \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 don’t<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a doesn’t\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u0644\u0623\u0646 she<\/span> \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \u00a0Direct : ” We haven’t had anything to eat.” The children say<\/strong><\/li>\n
                  • Indirect : The children say that they haven’t had anything to eat<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    – \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 We<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a they<\/span> \u0644\u0623\u0646 they<\/span> \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a the children<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                    – \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a :<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                    \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a ( said<\/span> \u2013 told<\/span> ) \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n

                    \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 .. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • Will —-> would<\/strong><\/li>\n
                    • Shall —-> should<\/strong><\/li>\n
                    • Can —- > could<\/strong><\/li>\n
                    • Must – —> had to<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0644 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637<\/strong><\/li>\n
                      • \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/strong><\/li>\n
                      • \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631<\/strong><\/li>\n
                      • \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/li>\n
                      • \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u00a0<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 .<\/strong><\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • Tomorrow –> the next day<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • Here –> there<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • This morning –> that morning<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • Tonight –> that night<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • Next Tuesday \/ on Tuesday —-> the following Tuesday<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • Last Tuesday —-> the previous Tuesday<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • Last —-> the previous<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • Yesterday —- > the day before<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • This —-> that<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • Today —-> that day<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • Ago —-> before \/ previously<\/strong><\/li>\n
                        • The day after tomorrow —> in two days’ time<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 .<\/strong><\/h3>\n
                            \n
                          • Would —-> would<\/strong><\/li>\n
                          • Should —-> should<\/strong><\/li>\n
                          • Could —-> could<\/strong><\/li>\n
                          • Might —> might<\/strong><\/li>\n
                          • Ought to —> ought to<\/strong><\/li>\n
                          • – Direct : ” I’ll talk to Mr. Jones. ” he said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                          • Indirect : He said that he’d talk to Mr. Jones<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 ‘ll<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 will<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a ‘d<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 would\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a he<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • Direct : ” I haven’t seen anybody.” She said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                            • Indirect : She said that she hadn’t seen anybody<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u064a ( haven’t seen<\/span> ( \u0625\u0644\u064a\u00a0<\/strong>\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u064a ( hadn’t seen<\/span> ) . \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a she<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • \u00a0Direct : ” I must go. ” he said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                              • Indirect : He said that he had to go<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a he<\/span> .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 must<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a had to<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
                                  \n
                                • Direct : ” I’m very tired. ” she said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                • Indirect : She said that she was very tired<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a she<\/span> .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 am<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a was<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  • \u00a0Direct : ” I’m having a bath.” she said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                  • Indirect : She said that she was having a bath<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                    \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 ( am having<\/span> ) \u0625\u0644\u064a\u00a0<\/strong>\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 ( was having<\/span> ) .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a she<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                      \n
                                    • \u00a0Direct : ” I walked home after the party. ” he said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                    • Indirect : He said that he’d walked home after the party<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                      \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a he<\/span> ..<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                                      \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 ( walked<\/span> ) \u0625\u0644\u064a\u00a0<\/strong>\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0645 ( had walked<\/span> ) .. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 ‘d<\/span> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 had<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                        \n
                                      • \u00a0Direct : ” I spoke to Jane last week .” she said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                      • Indirect : She said that she’d spoken to Jane the previous week<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                        \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I \u0625\u0644\u064a she<\/span> .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 ( spoke<\/span> ) \u0625\u0644\u064a\u00a0<\/strong>\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0645 ( had spoken<\/span> ) .. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 last week<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a\u00a0<\/strong>the previous week<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                          \n
                                        • Direct : ” I’ll see you tomorrow.” she said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                        • Indirect : She said that she’d see me the next day<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                          \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 ll<\/span>‘ \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 will<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a d<\/span>‘ \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 would<\/span> ..\u00a0<\/strong>\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 tomorrow<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a the next day<\/span> ..<\/strong><\/p>\n

                                          \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u00a0<\/strong>I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a she<\/span> \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 you<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a me<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                            \n
                                          • \u00a0Direct : ” I saw her today.” he said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                          • Indirect : He said that he had seen her that day<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                            \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a he<\/span> .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 ( saw<\/span> ) \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u00a0<\/strong>\u062a\u0627\u0645 ( had seen<\/span> ) .. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 today<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a that day<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                              \n
                                            • \u00a0Direct : ” I’ll see Mary on Sunday .” she said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                            • Indirect : She said that she’d see Mary the following Sunday<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                              \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a she<\/span> ..<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                                              \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 ll<\/span>‘ \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 will<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a d<\/span>‘ \u0648\u0647\u064a\u00a0<\/strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 would<\/span> .. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 on Sunday<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a the following Sunday<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                \n
                                              • Direct : ” I met her about three months ago .” he said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                              • Indirect : He said that he’d met her about three months before<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 I<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a he<\/span> .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 ( met<\/span> ) \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0645\u00a0<\/strong>( had met<\/span> ) \u062d\u064a\u062b d<\/span>‘ \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 had<\/span> .. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 ago<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a before<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 d<\/span>‘ \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 had<\/span> .. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u00a0<\/strong>\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 would<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                  \n
                                                • \u00a0Direct : ” We visited her this morning.” they said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                                • Indirect : They said that they had visited her that morning<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                  \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 we<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a they<\/span> .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 ( visited<\/span> ) \u0625\u0644\u064a\u00a0<\/strong>\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0645 ( had visited<\/span> ) .. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 this<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a that<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                    \n
                                                  • \u00a0Direct : ” We’ll see her next week.” they said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                                  • Indirect : They said that they’d see her the following week<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                    \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 we<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a they<\/span> ..<\/strong><\/h3>\n

                                                    \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 will<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a would<\/span> .. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u00a0<\/strong>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 next week<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a the following week<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

                                                      \n
                                                    • Direct : ” It would be great if he could play in our group.” she said<\/strong><\/li>\n
                                                    • Indirect : She said that it would be great if you could play in their<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                                      group<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong>\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 he<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a you<\/span> .. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 our<\/span> \u0625\u0644\u064a their<\/span> .. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621\u00a0<\/strong>would<\/span> \u0648 could<\/span> \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                                      \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 Direct and Indirect Speech\u00a0 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u061f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":612,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"difficulty":[],"target_language":[],"class_list":["post-289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-9","entry-archive"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/28"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=289"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=289"},{"taxonomy":"difficulty","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/difficulty?post=289"},{"taxonomy":"target_language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learn-language-online.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/target_language?post=289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}